Bank of Italy cites the three main purposes of the program as: enabling all intermediaries to settle all securities transactions carried out on European markets using a single settlement account, with outstanding benefits in terms of liquidity management; significantly reducing the cost of cross-border transactions – currently much higher than the post-trading costs on other markets, in particular the US market – while levelling it with the cost of domestic transactions; harmonising operational practices and settlement procedures, thereby enhancing competition among CSDs – and between the latter and global custodian banks – in the supply of value-added services.

European Central Bank president Mario Draghi, noted last year: “Greater financial integration is a key part of building the single market and something that improves the functioning of national financial systems. Financial integration leads to better risk-sharing and diversification, it makes markets deeper and more liquid, and it encourages competition, which in turn reduces the costs of intermediation. In addition, financial integration fosters more efficient allocation of capital, higher productivity, and stronger and more sustainable non-inflationary economic growth.”

According to the European central bank, in terms of infrastructure, T2S is a “necessary platform” for setting up a single European market for securities services. In terms of benefits for Europe, T2S will make the post-trade environment safer and more efficient. It will reduce the cost of settling securities transactions and bring about significant collateral savings for market participants. “These collateral savings are ­particularly valuable at a time when demand for high-quality collateral continues to increase, as a result of both the crisis and new regulatory developments,” says Draghi.

With T2S CSDs will outsource all activities related to securities settlement – currently carried out in-house – to the Eurosystem, whereas they will continue to offer value-added services and keep customer relationships (CSDs will still be the only legal counterparts for users). Participation of CSDs in T2S is not mandatory.

In order to allow CSDs and global custodian banks to connect and communicate with T2S, the technical solution identified and agreed with the users envisages the connection to the platform by using value-added services (VAN) – equal for all market players – offered under competitive conditions by the two connectivity providers, SWIFT and SIA-COLT, which were selected through a public procedure run by Banca d’Italia on behalf of the Eurosystem.

Developed over three years, from the signing of the Framework Agreement to the Currency Participation Agreement (CPA) offered by Eurosystem to the non-euro central banks who agree to settle in T2S the securities transactions denominated in the national currency, T2S will gradually enter into operations in the next two years, between June 2015 and February 2017. There are several dates of migration (waves) for the different national financial communities; the Italian financial community will migrate to the new platform in the first wave, on 22 June 2015.

(image credit: Brian Jeffrey Beggerly)

Organised crime in Italy has now found a formidable opponent in the Spaghetti Op​en Data. Data activists – hackers, engineers and front end-developers – have come together under to structure existing data into a database that could prove an ominous foe for the Italian Mafia.

It is quite evident through the websites of various government institutes that Italian authorities have had a tough time collating the trove of data it has collected concerning the mafia dealings, points out Alberto Mucci, writing for Motherboard.

“Sometime you have this paradoxical situation where, for example, the anti-Mafia police (DIA) in Palermo do not have immediate access to the information they need on another part of the country,” explains Andrea B​orruso, a member of Spaghetti Open Data, to  Mucci over a Skype call. “It’s ridiculous and totally inefficient.”

Last year Spaghetti Open Data and DataNinja, another group of Italian data enthusiasts, found out that the authorities won a €7.5 million grant from the EU in 2013 for a database of properties confiscated from the Mafia. Yet, they also found that no such database had since been established.

Their solution? A four day hackathon in Bologna, which gave birth to the “Conf​iscatiBene” (Italian for “seized goods”) project. ConfiscatiBene is “a national database able to gather and organize with clarity and in a single place (this might seem obvious, but it’s really not the case in Italy) a list of all goods confiscated by the Italian authorities from the Mafia,” explains Mucci.

Mucci further highlights that ease of access to the right data is imperative to allay the influence of the organized crime network. “Having a central database would also help in the effort to revitalize former Mafia strongholds by granting former Mafia-owned buildings to entrepreneurs, artists, and activists,” he added.

Read more here.

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(Image credit: Eric Erxon)